Tecnología electromagnética focalizada y manejo convencional de la incontinencia urinaria en mujeres adultas: Revisión sistemática
Focused Electromagnetic Technology and Conventional Management of Urinary Incontinence in Adult Women: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22258/hgh.v10i3.423Resumen
Introducción: La incontinencia urinaria femenina es una condición prevalente que afecta significativamente la calidad de vida. La estimulación electromagnética focalizada de alta intensidad (HIFEM) ha surgido como una alternativa terapéutica no invasiva orientada al fortalecimiento del suelo pélvico. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la tecnología electromagnética focalizada de alta intensidad en comparación con el manejo convencional en mujeres adultas con incontinencia urinaria. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura siguiendo lineamientos PRISMA. La búsqueda se efectuó en las bases de datos Medline, Scopus y Web of Science. Se identificaron 389 registros; tras la eliminación de duplicados y la aplicación de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 12 estudios. Se analizaron características de la población, parámetros de intervención y desenlaces clínicos, incluyendo calidad de vida, número de compresas utilizadas y efectos adversos. Resultados: Los estudios incluidos mostraron una reducción significativa en el número de episodios de pérdida urinaria y en el uso diario de compresas, así como mejoras clínicamente relevantes en cuestionarios de calidad de vida. Los beneficios fueron consistentes en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo y mixta. En comparación con terapias convencionales como el entrenamiento del piso pélvico, HIFEM demostró resultados comparables o superiores en algunos estudios, con adecuada tolerabilidad. Los efectos adversos reportados fueron escasos, leves y transitorios. Conclusiones: La tecnología HIFEM representa una alternativa conservadora, no invasiva, eficaz y segura para el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria femenina. En comparación con el manejo convencional y otras tecnologías terapéuticas, mostró beneficios en la reducción de los episodios de pérdida urinaria, disminución del uso de compresas y mejora de la calidad de vida. Sin embargo, se requieren estudios comparativos que permitan establecer con mayor precisión su superioridad o equivalencia frente a otras opciones terapéuticas. Palabras clave: Calidad de Vida; Estimulación Eléctrica; Incontinencia Urinaria; Suelo Pélvico (Fuente: DeCS, BIREME)Descargas
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Derechos de autor 2026 Erika Paola Delgado Astudillo, Diego Vega Cuadrado, Carem Prieto Fuenmayor, Katty Barahona Ochoa
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