Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la práctica clínica en salud mental: una revisión sistemática: Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Clinical Practice in Mental Health: A Systematic Review

Cristian Stiven Orduz-Cortes; Pedro Yamith Niño-Pérez; Eliana  Pérez-Sandoval; Angie Nathaly Padilla-Jaimes

Authors

Cristian Stiven Orduz-Cortes Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia.
Pedro Yamith Niño-Pérez Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9835-3382
Eliana Pérez-Sandoval Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia.
Angie Nathaly Padilla-Jaimes Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia.

Abstract

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) comprises systems capable of emulating human cognitive processes to optimize analysis and decision-making. Its main typologies include weak AI, applied to specific clinical tasks; strong AI, theoretical in nature and oriented towards comprehensive cognition; and machine learning, used for prediction and risk strategy. In mental health, these approaches redefine practice by expanding diagnostic and intervention capabilities. Objectives: To evaluate, through a review of the scientific literature, the impact of AI on clinical practice in mental health and its professional implications. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of articles published between 2017 and 2025 was conducted in PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, arXiv, Dialnet, and Google Scholar. Quantitative studies, qualitative studies, and reviews were included. Results: Nine studies were included. The main applications were therapeutic chatbots (n=4), predictive and diagnostic support systems (n=2), wellness tools (n=1), ethical approaches (n=1), and applications in autism (n=1). AI-based interventions were associated with a reduction in symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress, along with improvements in psychological well-being, treatment adherence, and access to mental health services. High acceptability was observed, although with methodological and ethical limitations. Conclusions: AI represents a valuable complementary tool in the field of mental health, but its implementation requires a balanced approach that preserves the quality of the therapeutic relationship and ensures ethical, patient-centered clinical practice. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Mental Health; Professional-Patient Relations; Psychotherapy (Source: MeSH, NLM).

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Author Biographies

Cristian Stiven Orduz-Cortes , Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia.

Enfermero investigador de la fundación universitaria de San Gil, UNISANGIL, Investigador del grupo ICES de la Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL) y del Geriatrische Rehabilitation Oberbayern Lenggries, Alemania- Región de Baviera.

Pedro Yamith Niño-Pérez, Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia.

Enfermero investigador de la fundación universitaria de San Gil, UNISANGIL. Investigador del grupo ICES de la Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL), Semillero de Investigación Saikwa, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD). Bogotá, Colombia.

Eliana Pérez-Sandoval , Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia.

Enfermera profesional de la Corporación Universitaria Adventista UNAC. Medellín, Especialista en Cuidados Critico con énfasis en Cuidado Crítico Neonatal: Universidad de la Sabana- Chia, Maestrante en Innovación Educativa: Bogotá. Directora del programa de enfermería de la Fundación Universitaria de San Gil UNISANGIL e Investigadora del grupo ICES de la Fundación Universitaria de San Gil UNISANGIL sede Yopal, Casanare Colombia

Angie Nathaly Padilla-Jaimes , Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Yopal-Casanare, Colombia.

Enfermera profesional, integrante del grupo investigación ICES de la Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL). Fundación Universitaria de San Gil, UNISANGIL. Especialista en Gerencia de la calidad y gestión clínica, Maestrante en Gerencia de la Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo.

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Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Clinical Practice in Mental Health: A Systematic Review